Feature Stories

In-depth explorations of the most important ideas, debates, and breakthroughs in causal inference. Feature stories connect theory to practice, covering causal AI, experimentation at scale, policy evaluation, and the future of evidence-based decision-making.

The Synthetic Control Method: Building Counterfactuals from Data

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The Goodman-Bacon Decomposition: What Two-Way Fixed Effects Actually Estimates in Staggered Adoption Settings

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Instrumental Variables: The Most Powerful and Most Abused-Tool in Econometrics

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Natural Experiments: Finding Causal Evidence Without Randomisation

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Heterogeneous Treatment Effects: Beyond the Average

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The Credibility Revolution in Econometrics: Thirty Years On

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Instrumental Variables: The Most Powerful—and Most Abused—Tool in Econometrics

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Natural Experiments: Finding Causal Evidence Without Randomisation

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From Phillip Wright’s tariff problem to shift-share designs, IV has shaped a century of causal inference—and generated as much controversy as insight. A deep history and critical guide.

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Without a randomised trial, can we still know what causes what? Natural experiments—from draft lotteries to monsoon rainfall—show how the right accident of history can answer the hardest causal questions.

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